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Intermediate
Hardware Protocols
Understand the bus and serial protocols that connect chips — from handshakes to AXI.
8 modules ~64 min totalAXIAPBAHBSPII2CUART
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Curriculum Syllabus
All modules are open and public. Jump directly into what you need or follow in sequence.
1
Why Chips Need Protocols
The role of communication protocols in modern SoC architectures.
2
The VALID/READY Handshake
Mastering the fundamental VALID/READY handshake used across protocols.
3
APB: The Simple Peripheral Bus
AMBA APB protocol for low-bandwidth peripheral connections.
4
AHB: The Pipelined Bus
AMBA AHB protocol with burst transfers and pipelined operation.
5
AXI: The High-Performance Interface
AMBA AXI protocol for high-performance, high-frequency system designs.
6
SPI: Fast Four-Wire Serial
Serial Peripheral Interface for high-speed chip-to-chip communication.
7
I2C: Two-Wire Addressable Bus
Inter-Integrated Circuit protocol for low-speed peripheral communication.
8
UART: Clockless Asynchronous Serial
Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter for serial communication.